Management Hypertension in diabetics.
Primary measure (non drug management)
Regular exercise Low calorie, low fat diet Avoid Smoking
Avoid alcohol Reduce excessive weight. Reduce salt intake
Avoid mental stress Life style modification Meditation & Yoga
Take antioxidants
Primary measure (non drug management)
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Dietary salt restriction. |
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Weight optimization. |
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Regular exercise. |
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Cessation of smoking. |
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These measures must be tried before undertaking drug therapy unless the level of the blood pressure merits simultaneous and immediate start of anti-hypertensive drugs. |
Drug therapy
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The selection of an appropriate drug regimen for the management of hypertension in diabetes entails special consideration as many of the front line drugs have side effects which are detrimental to a diabetic. |
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The selection of drug also depends upon presence or absence of diabetic complications especially renal (kidney) complications. |
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Certain anti hypertensive are not preferred in diabetics, as they can make sugar control difficult and may even make it worse. |
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Certain anti hypertensive are not preferred in diabetics as they can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), and thus can delay treatment. This may be life threatening, as patient can go into 'hypoglycemic coma' without any warning symptoms. |
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Certain drugs can favorably effect lipids, while others can adversely effect them. |
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The drug therapy should be individualized, based upon clinical examination, presence or absence of complications, coexisting diseases, and investigations including lipid profile and renal function tests. |