Classification of depression
Primary vs. secondary depression
Endogenous (psychotic) vs. reactive (neurotic)
Major depression.
Bipolar depression vs. Unipolar depression
Dysthymic depression.
Reactive depression.
Symptomatic depression.
Adjustment mood disorder with depression
Miscellaneous:
 | Depression with psychotic features. |
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| Masked Depression. |
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| Smiling depression. |
Primary vs. secondary depression Primary depression Not associated with any organic or psychological illness. Secondary depression Result or consequence of other organic or psychological disorders.
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Physical disorders |
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Endocrine: Addisons disease, Hypothyroidism, Parathyroidism. |
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Metabolic: Electrolyte disturbances, Acute porphyria,Folate,B12 def. |
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Neurological: Parkinson's disease, Brain tumor, CVA |
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Neoplasia: Primary or metastatic malignancy, Car-Pancreas, Thyroid. |
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Psychiatric disorders. Schizophrenia, Anxiety states, Phobia, Anorexia nervosa, |
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Bulimia, Personality disorders. |
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Drugs: Reserpine, Methyldopa, Alcohol, Contraceptives, Steroids , L-dopa, Isoniazid, Cycloserine, Beta blockers-Propanolol, Metoprolol, Bromocryptine, Phenytoin, Co-trimoxazole. |
Endogenous (psychotic) vs. reactive (neurotic)
Psychotic: Endogenous, Vital, Melancholic, Biological, Nuclear.
Neurotic: Reactive, Anxious, Personality depression.
Endogenous (psychotic)
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| Persistent, Weight, Loss, Early Morning Awakening., Retardation, Diurnal variation. |
Reactive (neurotic)
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| Reaction to environmental stress, Precipitating factors present. |
 | Current DSM-1V classification has eliminated both these terms and considered them together as major depressive disorder. |
Major depression.
Synonyms: Melancholia, Endogenous, Psychotic.
Dysthymic depression.
Classified in DSM-1V
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| Chronic Relapsing disorder with often |
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| depression free period |
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| less severe than major depression. |
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| Low grade depressive symptoms present for 2 years. May be partly attributed to improper treatment. |
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| For diagnosis: 3 Symptoms-Depressed mood + 2 other depressive symptoms are essential. |
Reactive depression.
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| Depression is result of a conflicting environment. |
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| Mood less severely affected as compared to endogenous variety. |
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| Anxiety and depression usually coexist. |
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| Depressive spell continues as long as adverse environmental changes not rectified. |
Depression with psychotic features.
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| May represent depressive symptoms of early Schizophrenia. |
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| Patients develop delusions or auditory hallucinations. |
Masked depression.
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| Pronounced physical symptoms without complaints of depressed mood., |
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| Suppressed feelings. |
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| Direct enquiry can bring out features of depression |
Smiling depression.
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| Cheerful or smiling face but sympathetic and patient |
Bipolar depression vs. Unipolar depression
Bipolar depression
Primarily depression with episodes of Mania.
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| Elevation in mood (Elation & Euphoria) |
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| Over activity |
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| Over talkativeness' |
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| Undue exhilaration |
Unipolar depression
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| Recurrent episodes of major depression without any mood elevation or mania. |
Reactionary depression
A reaction to an identifiable stress condition in a maladaptive manner
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| Form of minor depression. |
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| Often seen with death of near one, sudden financial crisis. |
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| Symptoms may subside if stress is short lived. |
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| A supportive treatment is desirable. |